The Northern Caucasus is a large region of southwestern Russia that was located on the northern periphery of the Neotethys Ocean during the Triassic-Jurassic interval. Several crises impacted the evolution of the local fauna of brachiopods during this time as evidenced by changes in the taxonomic diversity of brachiopod associations in the region. The taxonomic diversity structure determines the relative importance of superfamilies to govern the species diversity, and the changes in it are measured with coefficient of rank correlation calculated for any two associations. The available stratigraphic ranges of species, which belong to 113 genera and 22 superfamilies, indicate that a recovery after the Permian/Triassic mass extinction is expressed by a rapid change in the taxonomic diversity structure in the Early Triassic-Anisian. The regional Ladinian crisis, which occurred after an abrupt deepening of the marine basin, did not result in major changes in the structure. The Triassic/Jurassic and Pliensbachian/Toarcian mass extinctions did not produce remarkable turnovers among brachiopods, but those superfamilies which dominated the Early Triassic species diversity of brachiopods rose again after these extinctions. The Pliensbachian/Toarcian event diminished significantly the importance of the Late Triassic superfamilies. The potential Aalenian mass extinction did not affect the taxonomic diversity structure. The changes in this structure recorded in the Northern Caucasus did not correspond to those seen in the Alpine Region.